What is the primary function of an anti-lock brake system (ABS)?

The primary function of an anti-lock brake system (ABS) is to monitor wheel speed and control braking. This system is designed to prevent the wheels from locking up during emergency braking situations, which increases the driver's ability to steer the vehicle while braking. When the wheels begin to skid, the ABS automatically modulates brake pressure by rapidly pulsing the brakes, allowing the wheels to continue turning and maintaining traction. This capability is crucial for maintaining control of the vehicle, especially in slippery conditions, allowing for safer stopping without losing steering ability.

The focus of ABS on wheel speed and braking control is what differentiates it from other systems that may enhance performance or efficiency in different ways, such as increasing engine power or improving fuel efficiency. Similarly, while steering control is important, it is a secondary benefit of the ABS system rather than its main function.